7)根据因果关系猜测词义
在句子或段落种,若两个事物、现象之间构成因果关系,我们可以根据这种逻辑关系推知生词词义。
例如:Tom is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others.
根据原因状语从句的内容,我们可以推断出生词autocratic指独断专行的。
There were so many demonstrators in the Red Square that he had to elbow his way through the crowd.
此句为结果状语从句。根据从句的描书许多示威者我们便可推知elbow的词义为挤,挤过。
8)根据同义词的替代关系猜测词义
在句子或段落中,我们可以利用熟悉的词语,根据语言环境推断生词词义。
例如:
Just before the exam Carls hands shook and sweated so much that he could not hold a pen. His heart beat fast and his stomach ached, even though he knew the subject very well. He really had a strange phobia about taking test.
有些学生也曾有上文中所表述的考试时是紧张状态,所以很容易就能猜出phobia指恐惧症。
2. 外部相关因素
外部相关因素是指篇章以外的其他知识。有时仅靠分析篇章内在逻辑关系无法猜出词义。这时,就需要运用生活经验和普通常识确定词义。
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