1.1、主题句位置
主题句通常放在段落开端,其特点是开门见山地摆出问题,然后加以详细说明。其作用是使文章结构更清晰,更具说服力,便于读者迅速地把握主题和想象全段内容。主题句可以放在段中起到承上启下作用,或放在段尾起概括全段作用。但初学者比较难于掌握,因而在四级考试中,考生应尽量采用将主题句放在段落开头写作手法。
例1:Our life today depends very much on energy. In towns and in villages, on farms and in factories, machines have made life easier than it used to be. The machines use energy, and energy is needed for heating, lighting, communications, carrying goods everything. Factories and industrial plants use a great deal of energy to make the things that we use and buy and sell.
这段文字所讲主要是能源问题。第一句就概括性地提出我们目前生活很大程度上依赖于能源。而随后出现三句都是具体事例,对第一句进行说明和论述。我们可以断定第一句为该段主题句。
例2:(主题句)No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements.(推展句1)Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste, we are no longer free to choose the things we want, for advertising exerts a subtle influence on us.(推展句2)In their efforts to persuade us to buy this or that product, advertisers have made a close study of human nature and have classified all our little weakness.
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