说起贵族,可能大家会想到一个词叫做Nobility [nəʊ'bɪləti] 意思是贵族(阶级),不过从词语的起源这个角度来看,这个词主要是指的是国王和他家近亲。
另外,有一个不太常见的词Aristocracy [.ærɪ'stɒkrəsi],它的意思是:the people in the highest social class, who traditionally have a lot of land, money, and power 贵族;贵族阶级
这里其实点出了贵族的几大特点:社会地位高,有地有钱有权。但是这个单词只是个模糊的概念,而且不具有法律意义。这就与另外一个很重要的单词,peerage,区分开来了。
Peerage
the peerage: all the British peers considered as a group 【英国的】贵族(总称)
the rank of a British Peer 【英国的】贵族爵位
Peer [pɪə] a member of the British nobility, who has the right to sit in the House of Lords 【英国可出席上议院的】贵族
也就是说,被定义为peer的这种贵族,是可以出席上议院的。(1999年11月,上议院改革法案通过,92留任,其余600多世袭贵族失去上议院议员资格。)
与贵族相反的,那就是平民了,普通人,专门有个词commoner来表达这个概念,也就是指someone who is not a member of a noble family(我们= =)。
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2020-09-15
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