Before the new policy was taken in 1999, the enrollment rate was low. It was 6.1 percent in 1979, the third year after China resumed the practice of recruiting college students through unified national examinations, which had been suspended for 11 years during the "cultural revolution". In the 1980s and 1990s, the rate climbed to around 20 percent. The enrollment soared by 48 percent in 1999. The next year, the enrollment rate exceeded 50 percent. Last year, it was 62 percent.
The high enrollment rate means that more than half of senior high school graduates can realize their dreams of going to a university. That is something their predecessors would have envied in the years before 1999. But the reality is rather different from what the dream seems to be.
The students who benefited from the policy of enrollment enlargement were those whose performances in the national examination would have disqualified them for a regular university or college. The universities and colleges they were enrolled in were actually newly established colleges or branches of old universities.
Hastily set up in the campaign to enlarge university enrollment, these schools are far more inferior in quality in terms of both campus facilities and academic caliber of the teaching staff. Many of these schools cluster in a "university city" like the one in Langfang. They were set up with the motive of earning money in the name of developing educational industry, a concept that was rather trendy during the mid-1990s but has turned so upside down in recent years that nobody has come out to claim glory for it.
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