have/has done
对现在的影响和结果。
比较: I saw this film.
(只表示看过这部电影。)
I have seen this film.
(表示我现在了解这部电影的内容。)
从过去发展到现在,有可能还要继续发展下去,常用for和since.
He has studied English since 1985.
7.
过去完成时
had done
“过去的过去”
When I got to the cinema, the film had been on for half an hour.
By the end of last year, we had learned about 3000 English words.
8.
过去将来时
should/would do
be(was, were)going to do
常用在宾语从句中。
He said that he would speak at the meeting.
9.
现在完成进行时
have/has been doing
I’ve been standing here all afternoon.
(可能还在站着)
比较: I have written a letter.
(已完成)
I have been writing a letter.
(可能还没写完)
二
动词的语态
be done
一般现在时: You are required to do this.
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