On the other hand, a growth mind-set believes that no talent is entirely heaven-sent and that effort and learning make everything possible. Because the ego (自尊) isn’t on the line as much, the growth mind-set sees failure as a chance rather than shame. When faced with a difficulty, it’s quick to rethink, change and try again. In fact, it enjoys this experience.

　　We are all born with growth mind-sets. (Otherwise, we wouldn’t be able to live in the world.) But parents, teachers, and instructors often push us into fixed mind-sets by encouraging certain actions and misdirecting praise. Dweck’s book, Mind-set: The New Psychology of Success, and online instructional program explain this in depth. But she says there are many little things you can start doing today to make sure that your children, grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure.

　　57. What does the author think about the present generation?

　　A. They don’t do well at school. B. They are often misunderstood.

　　C. They are eager to win in sports. D. They are given too much praise.

　　58. A fixed mind-set person is probably one who ___ .

　　A. doesn’t want to work hard

　　B. cares a lot about personal safety

　　C. cannot share his ideas with others

　　D. can succeed with the help of teachers

　　59. What does the growth mind-set believe?

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