介词短语without these naturally occurring gases代替虚拟条件句,用来表达虚拟的事实。有时表假设的情况隐含在一个由介词或介词短语引起的短语中如without,but for,otherwise等引起的短语。
Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat,the earth at night would be freezing cold,too cold for us to live on.
如果没有大气保持太阳的热量,夜晚的地球将会非常寒冷,冷得让我们无法生存。
[夯实基础]
I couldn’t have finished the work so soon without your help.
(1) I couldn’t have finished the work so soon if you hadn’t helped me.(用if从句改写句子)
(2)I couldn’t have finished the work so soon if it hadn’t been for your help.(用be for改写句子)
(3)I couldn’t have finished the work so soon but for your help.(用but for改写句子)
2
There has been terrible flooding in Asia,Africa,America and Oceania.亚洲、非洲、美洲和大洋洲都发生过可怕的洪涝灾害。
(1)there be句型的完成时为there have/has been...。
(2)某些表示存在、发生、出现、坐落等意义的不及物动词也可与there连用,如:appear,belong,come,enter,exist,flash,follow,happen,lie,live,occur,remain,run,rise,seem,shine,stand等动词。
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