除了上面这三种正式的名字之外,人们还可以自己选定一个名字,叫做号,这种做法很受欢迎。唐朝著名诗人李白的字就是“太白”,但是如今很多中国人都知道他还有两个号,一个叫“青莲居士”,另一个叫“谪仙人”。后面这个号来源于一个民间故事,说的是,犯了天条的神仙会被贬谪到凡间,而且会拥有超凡的才华。
From the first half of the 20th century onward, as China began to modernize, the practice of taking zi and hao began to die out. Today, most Chinese have only xing and ming. Against this backdrop, the current trend toward taking English names can be viewed as a form of cultural resurgence — a continuation of ancient tradition with a modern twist.
从20世纪上半叶开始,中国开始现代化进程,人们给自己取字和号的做法开始慢慢消失。如今的大多数中国人只有姓和名。在这个大背景下,目前取英文名的做法可以看做是某种意义上的文化复兴——一种古老取名文化的延续,不过是带了一点现代的色彩。
More accurately, English names today play the same role as hao did in traditional China. Both are self-chosen and aim to reveal an aspect of the individual’s personality. In imperial China, the literati would commonly hold several hao at the same time, each intended to shine a light on a different side of their characters or reflect a valuable experience from their lives.
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