From the British side concern is growing about the “punitive nature of American enforcement. Why is the US “obsessed with criminal prosecutions? In the US the idea that “too big to fail means “too big to prosecute has become politically unacceptable. But in the UK there remains a fear that criminal prosecutions could lead to a major bank failure, potentially destabilising international banking and chilling economic recovery.
而从英国方面来看,人们越来越担忧美国执法中的“惩罚性质。为什么美国“沉迷于刑事诉讼呢?在美国,“大到不能倒意味着“大到不能被起诉的想法,在政治上是不能接受的。但在英国,人们仍然担忧,刑事诉讼可能会导致影响重大的银行破产,进而给国际银行业带来不稳定、放慢经济复苏的步伐。
These rival perspectives dovetail with longstanding differences in approaches to enforcement. The US remains committed to a deterrent orientation for law enforcement. From this perspective, one best prevents misbehaviour through aggressive enforcement and the prospect of penalties that exceed the expected gain from wrongdoing.
这种对立的视角与双方在执法上的长期差异是一致的。美国在执法上一直都遵从一种“威慑的倾向。从这个角度来看,制止不当行为的最好方式,就是强有力的执法以及高于预期不当收益的可能惩罚。
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