When you wash your dirty hands with soap and water, the tails of the soap molecules are repelled by water and attracted to oils, which attract dirt. The tails cluster together and form structures called micelles, trapping the dirt and oils. The micelles are negatively charged and soluble in water, so they repel each other and remain dispersed in water—and can easily be washed away.
当你用肥皂和水洗手时,肥皂分子的尾部会被水排斥,并被带有污垢的油脂所吸引。尾部聚集在一起,形成一种叫做胶束的结构,可以吸附灰尘和油脂。这些胶束带负电荷,可溶于水,因此它们相互排斥,并分散在水中,极易被冲走。
So, yes, soap does indeed get dirty. That's sort of how it gets your hands clean: by latching onto grease, dirt and oil more strongly than your skin does. Of course, when you're using soap, you're washing all those loose, dirt-trapping, dirty soap molecules away, but a bar of soap sitting on the bathroom counter or liquid soap in a bottle can also be contaminated with microorganisms.
因此肥皂确实会变脏。这就是它清洁双手的方法:它能比皮肤更强地附着在油脂和污垢上。当然,当你在使用肥皂的时候,你是在清洗那些不规则分布、能吸附灰尘的脏肥皂分子,但是放在浴室台上的一块肥皂或装在瓶子里的液体肥皂的确可能被微生物污染。
This doesn't seem to be much of a problem, though. In the few studies that have been done on the matter, test subjects were given bars of soap laden with E. coli and other bacteria and instructed to wash up. None of the studies found any evidence of bacteria transfer from the soap to the subjects' hands. (It should be noted that two of these studies were conducted by Procter & Gamble and the Dial Corp., though no contradictory evidence has been found.)
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