改变世界的17种物质_BEC初级作文_BEC初级-查字典英语网

改变世界的17种物质

MORPHINE — C17H19NO3

A potent painkiller, morphine was first isolated by German pharmacist Friedrich Sertürner in 1804. To this day, it remains the most important drug used to minimize suffering in terminally ill patients, particularly cancer sufferers. No other drug is as long-lasting and effective at managing severe pain. Despite this, 80 per cent of the world's population has access to just six per cent of the world's supply. Morphine is more widely distributed in the form of the illicit drug heroin, with an industry estimated at nearly A$100 billion annually.

吗啡C17H19NO3

1804年，德国药剂师弗里德里希·瑟托内尔首次分离出吗啡——这种强效止痛药。至今，它仍然是让晚期病患者，特别是癌症患者减少痛苦的最有效药物。目前还没有其他药物像它那样持久有效的抑制剧痛。尽管如此，占世界百分之八十的人口所能获得的仅占全球吗啡供应的百分之六。它更多的是作为非法毒品海洛因的有效成分出现，估计这一非法行业每年交易额达到一千亿美元。

AMMONIA — NH3

In the early 20th century, the world's growing population couldn't find enough ammonia to fertilize all its crops. Due to the discovery of a technique to mass-produce ammonia, called the Haber process, an estimated two billion people are not starving today. We produce 100 million tones of ammonia for fertilizer each year, but it is also an important ingredient in explosives.