The increased risk corresponded to one additional case of leukemia in the 10 years after the first scan for every 10,000 patients younger than 10 who were scanned, or to an extra case of brain cancer for every 30,000 such people scanned.
CT扫描结合了一系列不同角度的X光,以提供骨骼和软组织的复合视图。该研究的重点是头部扫描,因为脑部被认为是对辐射高度敏感的部位。研究的考察对象是年轻人,因为他们的组织比成年人更易受影响,而且癌症可能需要很长时间才会形成。
CT scans combine a sequence of X-rays from different angles to offer a composite view of bone and soft tissue. The study focused on head scans since the brain is believed to have heightened sensitivity to radiation. It looked at young people since their tissue is more susceptible than adults' and cancer can take a long time to develop.
克拉夫特博士称,美国病人接受CT扫描的可能性是英国病人的五倍。在美国,2011年使用了8,530万次CT扫描,是20世纪90年代初的四倍。
Patients are five times as likely to receive a CT scan in the U.S. as in the U.K., said Dr. Craft. In the U.S., use of CT scans quadrupled to 85.3 million in 2011 since the early 1990s.
美国放射学会儿科放射成像委员会(American College of Radiology Pediatric Imaging Commission)主席马尔塔•舒尔曼(Marta Schulman)称,该项研究进一步支持了病人只应在必要时进行CT扫描,并且尽可能使用最低剂量辐射的扫描。
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