美国国家心理卫生研究所(National Institute of Mental Health)的神经学家杰伊・吉德(Jay Giedd)说,“直到最近,我们都是在部分大脑尚未发育到最佳状态时就不得不做出涉及教育、事业、结婚对象、是否参军等人生中十分重要的决定。”他对几千名年轻人所做的脑成像研究已经产生了许多新见解。从生物学的角度来说,推迟那些决定是有道理的,他说,“20多岁的年龄段正在成为自我发现的阶段,这是件好事。”
Such findings are part of a new wave of research into 'emerging adulthood,' the years roughly from 18 to 29, which psychologists, sociologists and neuroscientists increasingly see as a distinct life stage. The gap between adolescence and full adulthood is becoming ever wider as more young people willingly or because of economic necessity prolong their education and postpone traditional adult responsibilities. As recently as the 1960s, the average age of first marriage for women in the U.S. was 20, and men 22. Today, the average is 26 for women and 28 for men.
这些发现是一股研究“始成年期”的新浪潮的一部分。始成年期大致是指18-29岁之间的时期,心理学家、社会学家和神经学家都逐渐将其视为一个独特的人生阶段。随着越来越多的年轻人或出于自愿或迫于经济原因延长他们的教育,推迟承担传统的成年人责任,青春期和完全成年之间的时间间隔变得越来越大。在时隔不远的20世纪60年代,美国女性初婚的平均年龄是20岁,男性是22岁。今天,女性初婚的平均年龄为26岁,男性为28岁。
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