Another major obstacle to genuine scientific innovation and achievement is bureaucracy, Xiong said. Many researchers lose research funding in an academic structure too often controlled by administrative bodies.
产生真正科学创新和成就的另一主要障碍是官僚主义,熊说。许多研究人员在通常由行政机关控制的学术结构中失去研究经费。
Scientists who want to get funding often have to spend a lot of time socializing and interacting, attending conferences, writing papers as well as writing applications for projects, leaving them with little time for creative thinking, he said.
想获得资金的科学家常常不得不花大量的时间来社交和互动、参加会议、写论文以及为项目编写应用程序,几乎使他们没有时间进行创造性思考,他说。
Research also tends to be utilitarian and pure research without relatively short-term returns and rewards isn't generally favored by institutions, funders or individual researchers.
研究也往往是功利的,没有相对短期的回报和奖励的纯粹研究通常得不到机构、赞助者和个人研究者的青睐。
Publish or perish
要么发表成果,要么淘汰出局
University evaluation systems are also flawed because they appraise researchers by the number of papers they publish and the number of projects they complete, instead of genuine scientific achievement, Xiong said.
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