相反，对外语文化感兴趣的人更容易学好外语。对外语文化感兴趣的学习者更易于接受外语，也更愿意同当地人交往。

3. Rigid thinking

思维刻板

Linguists have found that students with a low tolerance of ambiguity tend to struggle with language learning.

语言学家发现，不太能容忍模糊性的学习者学起语言来会比较困难。

Language learning involves a lot of uncertainty – students will encounter new vocabulary daily, and for each grammar rule there will be a dialectic exception or irregular verb. Until native-like fluency is achieved, there will always be some level of ambiguity.

语言学习涉及很多不确定性——学习者每天都遇到新的词汇，每条语法规则也都可能包含截然相反的阐释或不规则的动词。除非外语的流利程度已接近母语，否则学习者总会遇到这种模棱两可的情况。

The type of learner who sees a new word and reaches for the dictionary instead of guessing the meaning from the context may feel stressed and disoriented in an immersion class. Ultimately, they might quit their language studies out of sheer frustration. It’s a difficult mindset to break, but small exercises can help. Find a song or text in the target language and practice figuring out the gist, even if a few words are unknown.

学习者如果遇到生词就立即查字典，而不试着联系上下文猜测词义，可能会变得毫无头绪、倍感吃力，最后甚至会因为受挫而放弃语言学习。这种思维定势很难突破，但稍加训练也可以有所改观。找一首外语歌曲或一篇外语文章，不去管那些生词，试着弄懂大意。

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