加州大学伯克利分校(University of California, Berkeley)的杰克•L•格加伦特(Jack L. Gallant)和托尔加•丘库尔(Tolga Çukur)及其同事在《自然神经科学》(Nature Neuroscience)杂志上发表了一项新的研究,很好地诠释了这一新观点。实验对象在核磁共振仪上观看了时长半小时的视频,其中包含了关于日常生活的小片段。科学家将视频内容归为数百个种类,划分标准是每个片段中是否包含植物或者建筑、猫或者时钟,等等。
Then they divided the whole brain into small sections with a three-dimensional grid and recorded the activity in each section of the grid for each second. They used sophisticated statistical analyses to find the relationship between the patterns of brain activity and the content of the videos.
他们使用3D坐标把大脑划分为若干小区域,并且记录下每个区域每秒钟的活动情况,再采用严密的数据分析法来找到脑部活动机制和视频内容之间的关系。
The twist was that the participants either looked for human beings in the videos or looked for vehicles. When they looked for humans, great swaths of the brain became a 'human detector'─more sensitive to humans and less sensitive to vehicles. Looking for vehicles turned more of the brain into a 'vehicle detector.' And when people looked for humans their brains also became more sensitive to related objects, like cats and plants. When they looked for vehicles, their brains became more sensitive to clocks and buildings as well.
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