茨维伯尔在实验室中与这种咬人的昆虫呆了20年时间,他说他能把胳膊伸进一个装有蚊子的容器中,被咬上几百次也“毫发无损”。儿童被蚊子叮咬的频率低于成年人,但他们对叮咬的反应可能会更强烈,因为他们的免疫系统尚未完全成熟。常常有些确信自己被这种“吸血虫”侵害的成年人其实并没遭到叮咬。茨维伯尔指出:“有些人会对叮咬产生强烈的过敏反应,这可能会使他们显得更经常遭受叮咬,但也许事情并非如此。”
Fighting Back
人体的反击
For people covered in welts and itchy wounds, Dr. Zwiebel says to stop scratching: When the mosquito bites, it leaves behind some of its saliva, a substance that contains anticoagulants and a local anesthetic, among other things. The body recognizes it as a foreign invader and sends histamines in to counterattack. Scratching just spreads the saliva and encourages the release of more antibodies, and more itching -- a vicious cycle.
对于出现红肿和发痒伤口的人,茨维伯尔建议他们不要抓挠伤口。蚊子在叮人时会留下一些唾液及其他物质,其中它的唾液含有抗凝血剂和一种局部麻醉成分。人体会把唾液认作外来入侵物,释放出组胺来予以反击。抓挠伤口只会使唾液扩散,引发身体释放出更多抗体,让伤口变得更痒,由此引发恶性循环。
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