在一间暖和舒适的小房间里,参与者(常常是牛津的学生)坐在一块电脑屏幕前,完成数百次测试。在这些测试中,他们学会将数值同抽象的非数字符号挂钩,猜想哪些符号“大于”其他符号,就像人们学会三大于二的过程一样。
When neurons fire, they transfer information, which could facilitate learning. The tES technique appears to work by lowering the threshold neurons need to reach before they fire, studies have shown. In addition, the stimulation appears to cause changes in neurochemicals involved in learning and memory.
神经元在触发时传递信息,这能够促成学习的过程。研究已经表明,经颅电刺激似乎是通过降低神经元触发阈值来发挥作用的。除此以外,这种刺激似乎还会引起学习、记忆所涉神经化学物质发生变化。
However, the results so far in the field appear to differ significantly by individual. Stimulating the wrong brain region or at too high or long a current has been known to show an inhibiting effect on learning. The young and elderly, for instance, respond exactly the opposite way to the same current in the same location, Dr. Cohen Kadosh says.
但目前为止的实验结果在不同的人身上似乎存在着显著差异。科学家已经知道,刺激大脑的区域不对或电流过高、过久,都会对学习过程产生抑制效应。科恩・卡多什博士举例说,年轻人和老年人对同一区域相同电流的反应刚好是相反的。
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