论文的第一作者芝加哥大学(University of Chicago)经济学教授延斯·路德维格(Jens Ludwig)是负责MTO最终评审的项目主管。他表示,的确存在一些积极进展。他和六名论文合著者发现,受试者在“几项关键的成人心理与生理健康指标”上有所进步,比如糖尿病与肥胖症的风险显著降低,以及“幸福感”有所提升。
But the Ludwig study also found that “changing neighborhoods alone may not be sufficient to improve labor market or schooling outcomes for very disadvantaged families.” Ludwig reported that this particular form of assistance from HUD –a housing voucher that allowed recipients to move into a “low poverty” area – had “no consistent detectable impacts on adult economic self-sufficiency or children’s educational achievement outcomes, even for children who were too young to have enrolled in school at baseline.”
不过,路德维格的研究还发现,“光是变动居住社区,或许并不足以改善底层家庭的就业或学业成就。”他在文中指出,这种允许家庭搬迁到“低贫困”地区的特殊租赁券“在一些方面没有可观察到的持续效应,不管是经济上的自给自足,还是孩子的教育成就,就连实验伊始年龄尚小、没有入学的孩子也如此。”
Ludwig reported similar findings in a follow-up essay published this week by Third Way, a Democratic think tank.
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