始终有一些例外的优秀工作场所(有一些,但不是全部,在专业服务业或者科技业),经理允许员工自由设定工作时间、在家工作或者找到服务客户的最佳方法。
But there are many more companies where managers claim to believe in their people but micromanage, noting who leaves when, and insisting things be done their way.
但是,另一类企业要多得多,这些企业的经理声称相信员工,但在实践中事无巨细,什么都要管,留意谁在什么时候离开岗位,并且坚持要按他们的方式完成工作。
Why has it happened? McGregor did his research in the US from the mid-1930s to the mid-1950s, a period that culminated in a great rise in prosperity and work opportunities. People expected to have long careers with just one or two companies, as a 2003 paper entitled “A Kind Word for Theory X” pointed out.
为什么情况会是这样?麦格雷戈的研究是在20世纪30年代中期到50年代中期的美国完成的。在这个时期,美国的繁荣程度和工作机会都大幅增长。一篇发表于2003年、标题为“为X理论说句好话”的论文指出,当时的人们期望在一家或者两家公司里度过漫长的职业生涯。
Michael Bobic and William Eric Davis, the writers, accept that McGregor’s writings “revolutionised the field of management theory”, but argue that benign Theory Y management fell victim to today’s insecure working world, where companies offer their staff no loyalty and receive little in return.
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