这带来了一个难题,因为市场本身是有局限的。在市场中进行交易需要付出高昂成本,有时交易成本可能高到超过可获取的收益。这就是诺贝尔经济学奖得主罗纳德•科斯(Ronald Coase)的伟大发现,他用这一发现来解释为什么人类并非我们经济系统里唯一的智慧生命形式。如果经济交换完全经由市场作为媒介进行,那所有交易都可以在人与人之间发生;而企业完全没有存在的必要了。但企业层级结构有时能够用更低的成本协调经济交换。
The logic is immutable, but the circumstances have changed. Ubiquitous connectivity via the internet has reduced the cost of connecting resources to the people who need them. When market exchange is no longer so expensive, corporate enterprises begin to lose their raison d’être.
这种逻辑不会变,但环境已经发生变化。互联网的四通八达降低了把资源和需要这些资源的人连接起来的成本。当交易成本不再如此高昂,企业也就开始失去存在的理由。
The earliest signs that communications technology could help orchestrate new forms of human collaboration were visible outside the economic sphere. In the early days of the web, most boundary-crossing work was mediated through social interaction, rather than markets. Peer production projects — such as Wikipedia, the free online encyclopedia to which anyone can contribute by writing pages or editing them, or Linux, an open source operating system developed by a huge community of computer programmers who give their time for free — were first to create value on an industrial scale while breaking free of the boundary of the company. The informality and social motivations that gave rise to these practices did not require the overheads of a payment system. Nor did they require managerial hierarchies. The absence of price signals muted the potential conflicts that arise regularly between people who must allocate the monetary rewards of their shared work.
【互联网时代的劳资之争】相关文章:
★ 关于牙齿的小知识
最新
2020-09-15
2020-09-15
2020-09-15
2020-09-15
2020-09-15
2020-09-15