Those who were only semi-retired — working part-time — had substantially less risk of a heart attack. So Ms Moon ponders whether the ill-health effects have something to do with the US way of retirement, where people enter a life “that is completely different from what you’re used to with so many changes, socially and economic”.
处在半退休状态(有兼职工作)的人,心脏病发作的风险大大降低。所以,莫恩在想,退休后健康欠佳的情况是否与美国人退休的方式——人们进入另一种生活,“与他们此前习惯的完全不同而且伴随如此多……身体上、社会和经济变化”——有些关系。
In contrast, a number of studies in Europe have had results very different from the Harvard research. A multiyear study of the pension system in Germany found that retirement “has a positive effect on health, increasing the probability of reporting to be in satisfactory health and mental health” and even reducing the number of visits paid to the doctor.
相比之下,欧洲的许多研究得出了与哈佛的研究截然不同的结果。德国一项针对养老金制度的多年研究发现,退休“对健康有积极影响,提高了报告身心处于良好健康状态的概率”,甚至减少了看医生的次数。
Likewise, a study in France of 11,246 men and 2,858 women found that retirement was associated with a “substantial reduction in mental and physical fatigue and depressive symptoms”.
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