英语中有很多近义词,但近义词并非意思完全一致。近义词用于不同的写作风格,有些正式,有些口语化。比如,很多词都表达“偷”这一概念,但又都不尽相同。我们以其中三个词为例:“purloin”一定是正式用语,而“steal”则是中性词,既不是正式用语也不是非正式用语。然而,“nick”则一定是非正式用语。如果你在犯罪资讯报导上看到它,一定会惊讶万分。
3. Use inclusive vocabulary 使用包容性词汇
It is important to respect groups in society such as people with disabilities, older people, ethnic minorities, and so forth. One way of doing this is to choose appropriate, non-stereotyping words. In particular, the words you use should be gender-inclusive and not suggest a masculine bias. There are several ways of doing this. For example, when referring to professions it is nowadays standard to avoid words that refer only to one sex, such as actress (use actor) or policeman (use police officer).
尊重社会不同群体很重要,特殊群体有残障人士、老年人、少数民族群体等等。表达尊重的一种途径就是使用恰当的、非歧视性的语言。尤为重要的是,你应当选择不分性别的词汇,而不能暗含对男性的偏袒。这样做的方式有很多。举个例子,如今提及到某种职业,较为规范的做法是避免使用只涉及某一性别的词语,如用actor来替代actress,用police officer替代policeman。
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