- Lies or distorts the truth for personal gain, blames others or makes excuses for his mistakes, ignores or rewrites facts that challenge his self-image, and won’t listen to arguments based on truth.

—— 为了个人利益而撒谎或扭曲事实，责怪他人，或为自己的错误找借口，无视或改造威胁到自己形象的事实，拒绝听建立在事实基础上的辩论。

These are common characteristics of extreme narcissists as described by Joseph Burgo, a clinical psychologist, in his book “The Narcissist You Know.” While we now live in a culture that some would call narcissistic, with millions of people constantly taking selfies, spewing out tweets and posting everything they do on YouTube and Facebook, the extreme narcissists Dr. Burgo describes are a breed unto themselves. They may be highly successful in their chosen fields but extremely difficult to live with and work with.

这就是临床心理学家约瑟夫·伯戈(Joseph Burgo)在他的《你身边的自恋者》(The Narcissist You Know)中称为极端自恋者的人表现出的一些普遍特征。尽管有人把我们今天所处的文化称为自恋文化，成千上万人不停地自拍，没完没了地发tweet，把自己做的一切都晒到YouTube和Facebook上去，然而伯戈描述的那种极端的自恋者完全是另一路人。他们在自己选择的领域内可能极为成功，但是也非常难以相处或合作。

Of course, nearly all of us possess one or more narcissistic trait without crossing the line of a diagnosable disorder. And it is certainly not narcissistic to have a strong sense of self-confidence based on one’s abilities.

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