Dr. Burgo, who sees clients by Skype from his home in Grand Lake, Colo., noted that many “grandiose narcissists are drawn to politics, professional sports, and the entertainment industry because success in these fields allows them ample opportunity to demonstrate their winner status and to elicit admiration from others, confirming their defensive self-image as a superior being.”
伯戈医生在科罗拉多州格兰德莱克家中通过Skype接待病人,他指出,“很多夸张的自恋者都进入了政治、职业体育与娱乐业,因为这些领域内的成功可以令他们有充分机会去展示自己的赢家身份,获取他人的崇拜,巩固自己作为一个优越个体的防御型自我形象。”
The causes of extreme narcissism are not precisely known. Theories include parenting styles that overemphasize a child’s special abilities and criticize his fears and failures, prompting a need to appear perfect and command constant attention.
极端自恋的成因尚不完全为人们所知。有理论认为与家庭教育有关。父母过分强调儿童的特长,批评他的恐惧和失败,导致孩子想要表现得完美,并需要持续吸引关注。
Although narcissism has not been traced to one kind of family background, Dr. Burgo wrote that “a surprising number of extreme narcissists have experienced some kind of early trauma or loss,” like parental abandonment. The family lives of several famous narcissists he describes, Lance Armstrong among them, are earmarked by “multiple failed marriages, extreme poverty and an atmosphere of physical and emotional violence.”
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