寄生虫Parasite
在猎食者与病原体防治两种生物防治方法之外,寄生虫法也是重要的一环。寄生虫通常会寄居在宿主的体内或表面,依靠宿主的营养来养活自身。
A parasite is an organism that lives and feeds in or on a host. Insect parasites can develop on the inside or outside of the host’s body. Often only the immature stage of the parasite feeds on the host.
寄生虫是一种生活在宿主体表或体内,并以宿主为食的有机体。昆虫寄生虫可以在宿主体内或体外发育,通常只在未成熟阶段以宿主为食。
Most parasitic insects are either flies (Order Diptera) or wasps (Order Hymenoptera). Parasitic wasps occur in over three dozen Hymenoptera families. For example, Aphidiinae (a subfamily of Braconidae) attack aphids.
大多数寄生昆虫不是苍蝇(双翅目)就是黄蜂(膜翅目)。寄生蜂有三十多个膜翅目科,例如蚜虫亚科(茧蜂科的一个亚科)的昆虫就会攻击蚜虫。
Trichogrammatidae parasitize insect eggs. Aphelinidae, Encyrtidae, Eulophidae, and Ichneumonidae are other groups that parasitize insect pests. It’s important to note that these tiny to medium-sized wasps are incapable of stinging people.
赤眼蜂会寄生在昆虫卵里。隐蝇科、跳小蜂科、巨蝇科和姬蜂科的昆虫们也会寄生在害虫体内。值得注意的是,这些小到中等大小的黄蜂是不会蜇人的。
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