对过去已发生事情的肯定推测常用 “must/may/might +have + v-ed”,“must+ have + v-ed”意思为“想必、准是、一定是”,语气非常肯定且只能用于肯定句,“may/might+ have + v-ed” 意思为“也许、或许”表示推测的把握不大,只能用于肯定或否定句,不用于疑问句;对过去的否定推测常用 “can/could /may’might not + have + v-ed”,意思为“不可能/可能没做过……”;对过去的疑问推测只用“can/could + have + v-ed”,意思为“可能已经……”。
例16:He _______ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by seaside. (2005北京)
A. should B. must C. wouldn’t D. can’t
分析:根据后一分句判断,前一分句应该表示肯定完成了工作,故用“must+ have + v-ed”意思为“想必、准是、一定是”,语气非常肯定且只能用于肯定句。答案为B。
例17:My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he _____ your lecture.(2000上海)
A. couldn’t have attended B. needn’t have attended
C. mustn’t have attended D. shouldn’t have attended
分析:must表推测时,不用于否定,needn’t have +v-ed 表示“本来没有必要”,shouldn’t have +v-ed表示“本来不应该”,“can/could not + have + v-ed” 意思为“不可能做过……”。故答案为A。
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