Weak growth, ballooning national debt and higher unemployment have made it harder to make good on pension promises and more urgent to reform them, the commission paper says.
In the past 50 years, life expectancy in the European Union has risen by about five years and could increase by another seven years by 2060, the commission says.
At the moment there are four working-age people for every person over 65 in the 27-nation EU. That ratio will drop to two for every person over 65 by 2060, the commission says.
On average, Europeans retired at the age of 61.4 in 2008.
This compares to 65 years for workers in the United States and 70 years in Japan. In the 31-nation Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, the average retirement age for men is 63.5.
Andor denied unfounded rumours that he was calling for the retirement age to be raised to 70 in Europe.
John Monks, general secretary of the European Trade Union Confederation, said the commissions proposal was unrealistic.
Where is the evidence that employers want to keep older workers in work? Monks said in a statement.
We know the life expectation is rising but see no evidence that a higher age of retirement would be matched by employers developing workplaces which encourage older workers to remain at work, he said.
我们来看看各国在这一问题上的不同反应:
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