一、学习和掌握构词法,记忆单词事半功倍
汉语里,我们借助偏旁部首识记汉字,英语也是如此。它是通过构词法来理解和记忆单词的,例如:2007年高考英语天津卷阅读理解第38题:
The underlined word compassion in Paragraph 6 is the closest in meaning to ____.
A. pity B. praise C. support D. popularity
第六段文字如下:
Rome has tried to protect fish more than anywhere else in the world .It stands out for recognizing that fish are interesting animals who deserve(值得)over respect and compassion every bit as much as dogs and cats and other animals, said Karin Robertson, a director of the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals.
暂且不说通过上下文的线索猜测词义,单从构词法上说:
pass是词干(根),感情;com-是前缀,同,共同;-ion是名词后缀。compassion:同情,怜悯。
以词干-pass-为核心,有一组词:
passion (热情,激情,感情),passional (热情的,感情的),passionless (没有热情的,不动情的,冷淡的),passionate (热情的,易动情的,激昂的),dispassion (不动情的,平心静气的),impassion (激起的热情,使充满热情,激动等等)。
学习词汇时,要给单词做个手术,将词汇按照前缀+词干+后缀做个分解,掌握词的结构,借助词根和词缀字典,学习和记忆词族,举一反三,积少成多,扩大自己的词汇量。特别要向同学们提出的是,词根字典是非常重要的一本学习词汇的工具书,同学们要学会学习使用。
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