英语名词分可数的和不可数两种。可数名词指一般动物和事物,如Man/ friend/ driver/ student/ dog/ cat/ boat/ egg/ gun/ hand/ head/ lamp/ road/ table/ car 等等。
可数名词有两个数,即单数和复数。单数名词可以和不定冠词 a/ an或其他名词限定词(determiners)连用;复数名词可以和数目词,如many/ a few/ some/ a lot of等连用。
不可数名词指物质名词(material nouns)和抽象名词( abstract nouns),如:air/ butter/ grass/ money/ sand/ water/ carefulness/ joy/ peace等等。不可数名词可以和数量词,如much/ a little/ little/ a great amount of等连用。不可数名词只有单数,没有复数-s的形式。
有些人对名词数的概念不很清楚,对数目词(expressions of number)和数量词(expressions of quantity)也有些混乱,结果把数目词用在不可数名词之前或随意在不可数名词后面加上复数词尾 -s,这些都是语法上的错误。例如:
① Our workshop has ordered some new equipments from Germany.
虽然有些人把 equipment(配备)当成可数名词,但是它是不可数的,不可有-s。
② My teacher gave me some sound advices. 应该是advice。
③ Do you have any special informations for me? Information才对。
④ Most furnitures in my house are made of wood. 应该是furnitureis
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