substitute 代替;取代; 代替品
Nothing can substitute for the advice the doctor is able to give you.
substitute的用法是:substitute A for B,意为用A代替B;
replace 的用法是:replace A with B,意为用B代替A。
例句:
1. In manufacturing, cheaper materials are constantly being substituted for the better and more expensive kind.
2. The government decided to replace coal with gas.
练习
1. Nowadays plastic is often used to ______ for rubber.
2. The team ______ James with John in the match today.
3. Despite the fact that the old couple leads a very plain life
解析:Despite有尽管之意,看似连词,实际上却是介词。相当于in spite of,一般后接名词,如:Despite thebad weather we enjoyed ourholiday.原句需填入部分是一个单句,因此要用despite the factthat...结构。让步状语从句还可以用although引导,即:Although the old couple leads a veryplain life.
4. we should apply what we learned to the practical work
解析:汉语里的所学的东西,在英语里可以由关系代词what引导的宾语从句来表达。由于汉语语言的表达方式与英语不一样,初学者在翻译此类句子时往往按照汉语的顺序,一字不漏地译出来,却不会使用what从句来代替。请看下例:我经常在想上次见到你时你所说的话。如果把这句话译成I often think about the words you said last time we met就会太生硬、罗嗦。应该译成I often think about what you said last time we met. 本题我们所学到的知识可以译成what we learned。本题的另外一个考点是:将......运用于......可译成apply...to...。
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