1)单数复数型。凡是有复数词尾变化形式的集合名词都属于此类。如:a classclasses; a familyfamilies; a government governments; an armyarmies; a peoplepeoples; a groupgroups; a crowdcrowds; a crewcrews等。这类集合名词强调的是整体性,即当作一个整体或多个整体来看待。属于这类集合名词的单数作主语时,谓语动词用单数;复数形式作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
【例如】
A big crowd often gathers on the square every morning.
The government has decided to pass the bill.
There are huge crowds in the streets on Sunday.
There are many English-speaking peoples in the world.
但应注意,这类集合名词的单数形式有时表示复数概念,所以这些集合名词的单数形式也可归为单复同形型中。
2)单数型。这类集合名词表示的是人或事物的整体,即把这类人或事物的全部包括在内,所以只有单数形式。如作主语,谓语动词常用单数。这类名词常见的有:humanity, mankind, proletariat等。
【例如】 The proletariat is the greatest class in the history of mankind. In the fields of production and scientific experiment, mankind makes constant progress.
3)复数型。这类集合名词在形式和内容上是相互矛盾的,就是说它们只有单数形式,但表达的都是复数概念。它强调的是集体中的个体性。这类名词有:police, cattle, faculty, flock, machinery, vermin, personnel等。它们作主语时,谓语动词要用复数。
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