建网站和开发应用的编程课程在美国很走俏_英美文化

建网站和开发应用的编程课程在美国很走俏

Like many 10-year-olds, Nick Wald takes private lessons. His once-a-week tutor isnt helping him with piano scales or Spanish conjugations, but teaching him how to code. 与许多10岁大的孩子一样，尼克·沃尔德(Nick Wald)也会在课外开小灶。不过，一周给他上一次课的家教为他辅导的并非钢琴音阶和西班牙语的动词变位，而是教他如何写代码。 Nick, a fifth-grader in New York, went in with no experience and has since learned enough HTML, JavaScript and CSS to build a simple website. He is now working in Apples AAPL +0.97% XCode environment to finish an app named Clockie that can be used to set alarms and reminders. He plans to offer it in the iOS App Store for free. 尼克是纽约一名五年级的学生，一开始他没有任何经验，自学写代码以来他学会了足以建一个简单网站的HTML、JavaScript和CSS知识。目前他正在苹果(Apple)的XCode环境下开发一款名为“Clockie”、可用于设置闹钟和提醒事项的应用。他还打算在iOS应用商店免费提供这款应用。 I always liked to get apps from the app store, and I always wanted to figure out how they worked and how I could develop it like that, Nick says. 他说：“我一直都喜欢从应用商店获取应用，而且我一直想弄明白它们是如何运行的以及我怎样能开发出那样的应用。”

As the ability to code, or use programming languages to build sites and apps, becomes more in demand, technical skills are no longer just for IT professionals. Children as young as 7 can take online classes in Scratch programming, while 20-somethings are filling up coding boot camps that promise to make them marketable in the tech sector. Businesses such as American Express Co. AXP -0.53% send senior executives to programs about data and computational design not so they can build websites, but so they can better manage the employees who do. 由于编程或使用编程语言来建网站和开发应用的能力越来越受欢迎，科技技能不再只是针对IT专业人士的要求。现在，只有七岁大的孩子也能学习Scratch编程网络课程，20来岁的年轻人则挤满了承诺让他们成为科技行业抢手人才的编程培训班。美国运通(American Express)等企业还送高管去参加数据和电脑设计的培训项目，这么做的目的不是让他们能建网站，而是让他们能更好地管理从事此类工作的员工。 I equate coding to reading and writing and basic literacy, says Adam Enbar, founder of New Yorks Flatiron School, which offers 12-week, $12,000 programs to turn novices into developers. Not everyone needs to be Shakespeare, just as not everyone needs to be an amazing developer, he says. But...were entering a world where every job if not already, will be technical. 纽约Flatiron培训学校的创始人亚当·恩巴尔(Adam Enbar)说：“我认为编程好比读写和基本的文化素养。不是每个人都需要成为莎士比亚，就如不是每个人都需要成为了不起的开发者一样。但是…我们正在迈入这样的一个世界：每项工作即使现在还没有做到科技化，将来也必将实现科技化，。”Flatiron学校提供为期12周的课程，意在将新手培养为开发者，学费为12,000美元。 Programming languages vary in popularity and difficulty, and it takes hundreds of hours to become even a junior developer. But understanding what code is and knowing whats possible and whats not, when working with an IT team, is generally more important than being able to make apps yourself. 编程语言的热门度和难度各有不同，就算成为一名初级开发者也需要学习几百个小时。不过，在与一个IT团队合作时，明白什么是“代码”以及了解什么是可能的、什么是不可能的，通常比能够自己开发应用更重要。 The Younger Set 青少年培训 Johns Hopkins Universitys Center for Talented Youth offers online courses in everything from essay writing to music theory, but Web-development classes have been a juggernaut in terms of level of interest, says Patricia Wallace, senior director of CTY Online. The courses are geared toward elementary- and middle-school students. In 2009, 63 children signed up for Introduction to Web Design, one of the few coding classes then offered. This year, there are already 762 enrollments. 约翰·霍普金斯大学(Johns Hopkins University)精英学生学习中心(Center for Talented Youth)推出的网络课程涵盖从写作到音乐理论的各类主题。但该中心网络课程部门高级总监帕特里夏·华莱士(Patricia Wallace)称，网页开发课程一直是“极其受关注的大热门”。这些课程的对象为小学生与中学生。2009年，有63名学生报名学习《网页设计入门》，这是当时开设的少数编程课程之一。今年该课程已招收了762名学生。 The classes, which began with Introduction to Web Design and soon may include Intermediate Scratch Programming, are growing because there arent many opportunities to learn coding in elementary and middle school, says Ms. Wallace. Some parents want children to learn programming as early as possible. 华莱士称，课程一开始教的是《网页设计入门》，接下去可能很快就会教《中级Scratch编程》。由于在小学和中学学习编程的机会不多，此类班级的规模在不断扩大。有些家长希望孩子尽早学习编程。 In-person coding programs for kids are springing up across the country. CoderDojo Twin Cities, a Minneapolis-based volunteer program, holds free, daylong coding programs. It has filled each of its 20 sessions with about 80 students since it launched in April. ve had to turn students away at every event, says CoderDojo Twin Cities co-founder Matt Gray. The kids build games with Ruby, work with Linux, and-in one of the most popular programs-learn Python to build things in the world of Minecraft, a popular videogame. 针对儿童的面对面授课编程课程也在全美各地涌现出来。明尼阿波利斯的志愿者计划CoderDojo Twin Cities便提供连续一整天的免费编程培训。自从在4月份启动以来，该项目的20次课每次都挤满了80名左右的学生。该计划联合创始人马特·格雷(Matt Gray)说：“每次开课时我们都不得不拒绝一些学生。”孩子们使用Ruby开发游戏，运用Linux系统，他们还学习Python语言来在热门电子游戏Minecraft的世界中造东西——这是最受孩子们欢迎的课程之一。 Another group has started in Rochester, Minn., and a girls-only camp, Katie CoderDojo, had its first session last month. 另一组已在明尼苏达州的罗切斯特启动，还有一个只限女孩参加的Katie CoderDojo训练营也在2月份举办了第一次培训。 The Job Seekers 求职者培训 At a recent Web Development Immersive class offered by General Assembly, an education startup that offers coding and design courses, about 25 students-mostly men, mostly in their 20s and each with a MacBook-listened to a lecture on how to use JavaScript to add check boxes to pages. Previously, the students each had completed a project using coding language Ruby. One example: A website showed nearby restaurants health ratings. General Assembly为一家提供编程和设计课程的初创教育机构，在其前不久开设的《沉浸式网页开发》课堂上，大约25名年龄大多在20几岁的学生（多数为男生）每人配备一部MacBook，正在听着如何使用JavaScript给页面添加复选框的讲课内容。在此之前，每名学生都使用Ruby编程语言完成了一个项目。其中一个项目是显示周边餐厅卫生评分的网站。 Alina Guzman, 23, recently paid the $11,500 tuition to take the 12-week course. She graduated from Baruch College in 2013 with a degree in digital marketing. I had worked in a marketing agency before and did stuff with a small-scale e-commerce website, but I wanted to do something different and I had always been interested in tech and websites, she says. 今年23岁的阿林娜·古兹曼(Alina Guzman)前不久交了11,500美元学费参加为期12周的课程。她在去年从柏鲁克学院(Baruch College)毕业，并获得了数字化营销学位。她说：“我以前在一家营销机构工作过，也在一家小型电商网站做过些事情，但是我想做些不同的工作，而且我一直对科技和网站感兴趣。” She took classes from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. weekdays to learn Ruby and JavaScript. Two months after the course ended, she was hired as a junior engineer by New York-based startup Superhuman, which builds personal assistant applications.