c. They knew him to have once been arrested by the police. 他们知道他被警察逮捕过。
He thought it an honour to have been invited to the party. 被邀参加晚会他感到很荣幸。
d. The book is said to have been translated into many languages. 这书据说已被译成好几种语言。
He is not likely to have been notified about it. 这事多半还没有通知他。
e. She was the first woman to have been elected to such a post. 她是第一个选上这样位置的妇女。
这时,这不定式表示的是一个比谓语动作发生得更早的动作。
注:不定式的被动式用来构成谓语的情况在179中已经讲到,这里就不谈了。
在某些结构中不定式虽然表示被动的意思,用的却是主动形式:
a. He has no one to take care of. 没有什么人需要他照顾。
(比较:He has no one to take care of him. 没有谁照顾他。)
We still have many difficulties to overcome. 我们还有很多困难要克服。
b. Give him some books to read. 给他点书看。
He'll show you the right path to take. 他将告诉你该走什么道路。
c. They found the lecture hard to understand. 他们发现这报告不好懂。
I don't consider that a proper thing to do. 我想这不是正确的做法。
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