与此同时,研究表明家族企业持续的时间一般都不长,这主要是因为商业头脑和智慧只能得到部分传承。但有趣的是,日本有1/3的企业是家族经营的,而它们在几乎各个方面都明显超越专业管理的公司。统计数据显示,与竞争对手相比,家族企业盈利更多,市场估值更高。更奇怪的是,铃木、丰田和松井证券等巨头一直维持家族经营已有100多年了,而其他家族企业的历史甚至更久远。
But what does the remarkable success of family business have to do with the high rate of adult adoption, right? Well, in Japan at least, these two curiosities are very closely linked. Prior to the Second World War, civil code in Japan decreed family wealth could only be passed down through male lines, traditionally to the first born son. So families with no male heirs or with sons deemed unsuitable to take over the family business turned to adoption, but not the kind most of us are used to. Instead of simply adopting a baby or a young boy, they adopted young men who displayed the intelligence and knowledge of business required to ensure that their name and legacy endured until the next generation. And while the law no longer prohibits people from passing down their fortune to female heirs, the age-old tradition of electing a 'mukoyoshi' (or 'adopted son-in-law') is still very popular in Japan.
但是,家族企业傲人的成就与成人收养率高有什么关系呢?好吧,至少在日本这两件怪事是紧密相联的。第二次世界大战前,《日本民法典》规定家族财富只能传给男性,传统上是传给长子。没有男性继承人或儿子的家庭会被视为不适合接管家族生意,因此这些家庭就会去收养继承人,但是这不是我们所熟悉的收养方式。为了让家族的姓氏和遗产延续给下一代,他们不会收养婴儿或者小男孩儿,而是收养具有经商头脑和商业知识的年轻男性。虽然法律已经不再禁止人们将财产传给女性,但是选择一名“女婿”的古老传统在日本依然很流行。
【收养成人——日本百年家族企业的生存秘诀】相关文章:
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