Passage 3

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　　体裁：说明文　题材：社会生活类　难度：中词数：361

　　[2016·冀州中学期中]If you need glasses to read this, you are among the majority of Chinese students. That's because most students in China are short­sighted which means they can only see things close up and distant things will be blurry. Four­fifths of high school students wear glasses and now more and more children in primary school need glasses, too.

　　This epidemic of poor eyesight has two very simple causes:

　　too much time spent indoors studying and too little time spent outdoors playing. Reading and writing for hours and hours, sometimes in poorly lighted rooms, causes eyesight to weaken. But students have to do this because there is so much pressure on them to succeed in school. And because they spend so much time indoors at school and at home, they have less time to spend outdoors enjoying the sun.

　　The sun, as a consequence, is important in developing good eyesight.

　　Exposure to daylight releases a chemical in the eyes that prevents, or at least delays, short­sightedness. According to a study by Ian Morgan of Australian National University, Australian children and Chinese children have the same level of eyesight before they start school, but once they enter primary school, Chinese children only spend about an hour a day outside, while Australian children spend three to four hours each day in the sunshine. The result is that while about 40 percent of Chinese primary school students need glasses, only three percent of Australian children do.

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