it’s interesting and informative. as long as 2.句型转换: The “Foreign Cultures”section in our newspaper is very popular among us students. →The“Foreign Cultures”section in our newspaper
__________________ (receive用被动语态) us students, ________(非限制性定语从句) has a positive effect on our
learning lives. is well received by which 专题六
书面表达 2016高考导航——适用于全国卷Ⅱ 专题六
书面表达 年份 文体 话题 题型 考情分析 2015全国卷Ⅱ 书信 写信约稿,介绍美国节日风俗和中学生生活 要点提示 近几年高考中,书面表达题的考查特点为:(1)体裁稳定性强:应用文占据绝对主导地位;(2)话题微型化强:与考生日常生活紧密相关;(3)情景真实性强:突出考查考生实际运用语言的能力;(4)自由开放性强:试题给予考生自由发挥的空间。 2017全国卷Ⅱ 书信 给英国的一所学校写一封信 图表提示 2017全国卷Ⅱ 书信 给笔友写一封信请求对方帮忙 要点提示 1.“五档”作文在眼里——抓标准 (1)完成了试题规定的任务; (2)覆盖了所有内容要点; (3)应用了较多的语法结构和词汇; (4)具备了较强的语言运用能力; (5)有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,使全文结构紧凑; (6)完全达到了预期的写作目的。 2.“五档”标准如何抓 (1)抓“应用了较多的词汇” 解读:词性多样、词汇高级、短语丰富。 (2)抓“应用了较多的语法结构” 解读:感叹句、倒装句、复合句、强调句、非谓语动词结 构、with复合结构等。 (3)抓“有效使用连接成分” 解读:段与段、句与句之间明晰的、合乎逻辑的顺序组织与 安排,做到文意与结构上层次分明、条理清楚。 (4)抓“完成规定的任务” 解读:对于题干、要点提示、注意事项以及参考词汇要做到 读题全面,只有这样才能确保完成规定任务。 1.力保审题过程要“全” 审题五方面:审题是高考书面表达的关键第一步,确保审题“全而不漏”是得高分的基本保证。审题要注意以下五个方面: (1)审文体 考生首先要根据情景提示弄清要求写哪种体裁的文章,是记叙文、说明文、应用文,还是议论文。动笔之前认真审题并确定写作体裁是至关重要的。 (3)审人称 审人称,即弄清书面表达要求用哪种人称写作。其中有主要人称和次要人称,这一点要引起考生足够的重视,因为倘若人称不对,评卷时阅卷老师就会扣掉相应的分数。 (4)审时态 审时态,即根据所给材料信息确定短文的基本时态。考生一定要重视时态,因为如果时态方面的错误过多,评卷时阅卷老师就会扣除3~5分。 (5)审要点 表达出全部要点是得分的基本保证,如果漏掉要点,得分档次就会被降低,因此考生要细审题,定要点,巧构思,列提纲。 (2)精准规避三类错误 ①错在各类词汇 A.拼写错误 a.误:We got struck in the traffic jam so we were late for the meeting. 改正:struck改为stuck B.变化错误 b.误:People throwed cans,paper,bags and so on into the river water. 改正:throwed改为threw c.误:The book presents us a lot of useful informations. 改正:informations改为information C.词性错误 d.误:During my summer vacation,I spent half a month in the country and played very happy. 改正:happy改为happily e.误:Doing a part-time job always effects study. 改正:effects改为affects ②错在语法结构 A.时态错误 a.误:In the morning,we had bicycled in the suburbs to plant trees. 改正:had_bicycled改为bicycled B.语态错误 b.误:Children who raise in poor families can generally deal with problems more effectively in their adult years. 改正:raise改为are raised C.主谓一致错误 c.误:My hobby is widespread,which include drawing,collecting stamps and so on. 改正:include改为includes D.比较级使用错误 d.误:With the development of transportation,the world seems to be getting more and more smaller. 改正:more and more smaller改为smaller and smaller E.非谓语动词使用错误 e.误:Comparing with other countries,the country pays little attention to the pollution. 改正:Comparing改为Compared F.平行错误 f.误:Then I put my book under my desk,opening it and started looking for the answer. 改正:opening改为opened ③错在汉式思维 A.纯汉语式思维和汉语式语序 a.误:At this school studying,I really very happy. 改正:Studying in this school,I am really happy. B.句子成分残缺 b.误:There are many students don’t support the project. 改正:There are many students who don’t support the project. c.误:On the other hand,dogs are our best friends,bring us a lot of fun. 改正:On the other hand,dogs are our best friends,which bring us a lot of fun. C.句子成分赘余 d.误:On one day,he went to the cinema. 改正:One day,he went to the cinema. 1.运用三大原则,体现美不胜收 (1)新颖性原则 写作时恰当得体地使用高中学过的,别人可能想不到的词 汇,会给阅卷人耳目一新的感觉。但是需注意:既要避免使用俗词,又要避开冷僻词汇。 (2017·高考江西卷)In the coming three years,our school life will be difficult. →In the coming three years,our school life will be challenging. (2)短语优先原则 多使用词组、习语来代替一些单词,以增加文采。 (2017·高考江西卷)Developing a good habit is also important. →Developing a good habit is also of importance. (3)避免重复原则 尽量避免过多地使用某一个单词,必要时选择使用其他恰当的同义词或词组来代替。 I like reading while my brother likes watching football matches. →I like reading while my brother enjoys watching football
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