But third, that a protectionist trade policy may not do much good even if trade was part of what eroded certain jobs in the past. For if trade helped automation along the way, it is not as if restricting it will wind automation back. At most it may delay further automation, but that will come at a cost. In particular, it will make it harder to export manufacturing goods into a global market that uses the most cost-effective techniques. Trade sceptics who aim to protect manufacturing jobs should be alert to the distinction of protectionism and mercantilism. While the latter aims to boost exports, the former, by restricting imports, may well hold back exports, too.
但第三,尽管贸易曾经造成过去某些就业的消失,但保护主义贸易政策可能也不会有大好处。因为,即使贸易曾经在这个过程中帮助过自动化,限制贸易也不会让自动化倒退。它充其量可能会推迟进一步自动化,但这是要付出代价的。特别的,它将加大把制造业产品出口到利用最节约成本技术的全球市场的难度。试图保护制造业就业的贸易怀疑论者应注意保护主义和重商主义的区别。后者旨在扩大出口,而前者由于限制进口很有可能同样阻碍出口。
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