Fu suggested one realistic starting point: "double suspension," which requires the DPRK to suspend its missile and nuclear activities in exchange for a suspension of the large-scale U.S.-South Korean war games. It's a concept explained by Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi in March this year.
In the paper, Fu had a thorough review of the history of the Korean nuclear issue. She noted that the two Koreas are still technically at war is one of the root causes of prolonged instability on the Korean Peninsula.
Since multilateral negotiations started in 2003, China has continuously made mediation efforts to push for fruitful agreements, including a statement reached on the fourth round of the six-party talks in 2005, which offered a glimmer of hope for resolving the issue.
However, such peaceful agreements were not effectively implemented for various reasons, and in this case, the agreement was compromised by U.S. financial sanctions against the DPRK.
Fu noted that failing to implement such agreements in "parallel steps" led to a dead end. In 2008, even though the DPRK honored its commitments and disabled 75 percent of its nuclear reactor capacity, it didn't see corresponding measures being taken by other parties as heavy oil, equipment and material assistance had not been supplied as promised. Then the DPRK reversed its position.
Fu also highlighted the influence of the U.S. domestic political situation on the Korean nuclear issue, citing different positions held by previous presidents.
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