One question the study could not answer was whether caloric restriction could extend life span in humans the way that it can in other animals. The researchers would have to keep people on the diet and follow them for many decades to test that.

这项研究无法回答的一个问题是，热量限制是否能像延长其他动物寿命一样延长人类的寿命。要想测试这一点，研究人员只能让人们保持这样的饮食，并且继续跟踪他们几十年。

But ultimately, caloric restriction did have a beneficial impact on a wide range of risk factors for diabetes and heart disease, two conditions that cause death and disability for millions of Americans, especially as they get older.

但最终，热量限制确实对糖尿病和心脏病的一系列风险因素产生了有益影响。这两种疾病导致数以百万计美国人的死亡和残疾，随着是年纪较长者。

Dr. Kraus at Duke said he hoped to study the participants again in 10 years to see if the benefits of the caloric restriction experiment persist, a phenomenon known as legacy effects, which can occur with intense exercise training and other health interventions. But for now, he said that one takeaway for the public is that people can benefit from shaving as little as 300 calories a day from their diets.

杜克大学的克劳斯说，他希望在10年内再次对参与者进行研究，看看热量限制实验的好处是否能够持续下去。这种现象被称为遗留效应，在高强度运动训练和其他健康干预措施中都存在。但就目前而言，他说，该实验对公众的启示是，从每天的饮食中减少300卡路里的热量可以令人们获益。

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