"If, for example, infants at risk for autism spectrum disorders [or ASD] show differences in gaze patterns that are similar to those seen in infants with risk for language disorder, it may be that the gaze pattern is more closely related to the language problems that so often accompany ASD than to autism itself," she said.

Perhaps the most important real-world aspect of the study is the importance of visual processing (in addition to auditory processing) in infancy, Camarata said.

"Smiling and talking to the baby are not idle exercises, rather these are the foundation of how babies and children earn to communicate," Camarata said. "Parents should keep their face relatively close to the baby, smile a lot and talk a lot. Keep the engagement going, this is an important part of how a child learns to talk."

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