自2007年以来,连锁咖啡店Panera Bread在美国增加了22,000个工作岗位,增幅为50%。快餐店Chipotle Mexican Grill增加了12,000个岗位,增幅达63%。此外,美国最大的四家上市家庭保健机构增聘了22,000名员工,增幅高达84%。
In contrast, auto maker Ford Motor Co.'s North American payrolls declined by 19,000, or 20%; manufacturer General Electric Co.'s U.S. workforce declined by 24,000, or 15%, and health insurer Aetna Inc.'s by 2,200, or 6%.
相比之下,汽车制造商福特(Ford Motor Co.)北美区的员工数量减少了19,000人,减幅达20%。此外,制造行业的通用电气公司(General Electric Co.)的美国员工人数则减少了24,000人,比例达15%,医疗保险商Aetna的这个数字达2,200人,减幅达6%。
Before the recession, when unemployment was low and workers relatively scarce, wages for personal-service workers rose while wages for middle-skill jobs sagged. Mr. Autor and colleague David Dorn found a 16% increase in inflation-adjusted average hourly wages between 1980 and 2005 for these service workers and a 30% increase for the professionals, managers and upper-end finance workers. That contrasts with a 6% increase for machine operators and assemblers and a 4% decline for production and craft workers.
在经济发生衰退之前,失业率较低而且从业人员数量相对比较少,私人服务业员工的工资有所上升,而中等技能岗位的薪资则在下降。奥托尔及其同事戴维•多恩(David Dorn)发现,在1980年至2005年期间,这些服务行业的员工的平均时薪经通胀调整后上升了16%,专业人士、管理人员和高端金融业从业人员的薪资上升了30%,而机器操作员、装配工的薪资水平仅上升了6%,而从事生产和手工活的工人的工资更是降低了4%。
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