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带着自豪冲马桶

位列第三名的厕所设计者为多伦多大学的研究员们。该厕所将尿液和排泄物分开处理。所使用的材料即使很多最贫穷的地区也能大量的获得，这种材料就是沙子。尿液经过沙子过滤，所产生的液体再经过紫外线杀菌。排泄物则在厕所里慢慢的变干，填充进一个装满沙子的低温干馏反应器。这个系统能在两个小时内给十个人的排泄物进行卫生处理，最后只留下沙子和干净的水。

The runner-up, from Loughborough University in Britain, brings chemical-engineering principles to bear. A tank feeds mixed urine and faeces through a rig that heats it to 200°C under high pressure, killing pathogens. Returning the superheated mixture suddenly to atmospheric pressure causes it to separate into its liquid and gaseous components. The gas is used to heat the feed tank. The liquid is fed into a digester that produces enough methane to power the entire system—and some to spare.

亚军来自英国的拉夫堡大学，他们应用的是化学工程原理。尿液和排泄物都存储在一个容器中，在高压下利用一个仪器将它加热到200°C，这样就能杀死致病菌。将高温处理的混合物迅速置于大气压下，使之分离成液体和气态颗粒。气体用来加热最初的供给容器，而液体则加入蒸炼器中产生的沼气除了足够为整个系统供能外，还有剩余。

The winning toilet, however, is smarter still. It has been developed by Michael Hoffman of the California Institute of Technology, and has earned him the $100,000 first prize. Dr Hoffman's toilet uses solar panels to power an electrochemical system that produces two things. One is hydrogen. The other is a compound which oxidises the salts in urine to generate chlorine. This creates a mildly disinfecting solution that can be used to flush the toilet. The hydrogen is suitable for cooking or for powering a fuel cell to produce electricity. The solid residue from the process can be employed as fertiliser.