“同卵双胞胎的自我控制能力并不一样，”她说，“这告诉我们，这是他们学到的东西，而不是遗传来的。”

Teaching self-control has become a big focus for early childhood education. At the Clara Barton Center for Children in Cabin John, Md., it starts with expecting a 4-year-old to hang up her coat without being asked.

教习自我控制已经成为幼儿教育的一大焦点。马里兰州卡班·约翰的克拉拉·巴顿儿童中心从教4岁的孩子自觉自动的挂起外套开始。

Director Linda Owen says the children are expected to be responsible for a series of actions when they arrive at school each morning, without help from Mom and Dad. The children sign in, put away their lunches, hang up their own clothes, wash their hands before they can play, and then choose activities in the classroom.

董事长琳达·欧文说，每天早晨到校后，孩子们应该不在父母的帮助下对自己的一系列行为负责。孩子们签到，收起午餐，挂上衣服，洗手，之后才可以玩耍，然后选择课堂活动。

"All those things help with self-management," Owen says.

“所有这些都有助于自我管理，”欧文说。

Mediating Conflict

调解冲突

Of course, not all 4-year-olds are ready to manage that, so the classroom is loaded with cues and clues to help the preschoolers make their own decisions and be responsible.

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