笔体学是第三种伪心理学,认为一个人的字迹能够揭露性格。笔体学在美国还算流行,有些公司使用笔迹分析来评估应聘者。即使笔体学在鉴定赝品时非常有用,心理学的研究中对它进行的准确性测试显示,在评估性格这方面,笔体学的准确性几乎低至0。
Another pseudo-psychology, phrenology, was started in the nineteenth century by a German anatomy teacher, Franz Gall. His theory was that personality was revealed by bumps on the skull. Phrenologists assumed that parts of the brain governed different personality characteristics. It was thought that - like muscles - parts of the brain that were used more often tended to get bigger. In turn, these enlarged areas pushed on the skull causing bumps. With advances in neurology, this was shown to be impossible, and phrenology declined. Although some brain areas do have specific functions, they are not directly related to specific personality traits.
另外一种伪科学颅相学始于19世纪,发起人弗兰茨·格尔是一个德籍解剖学老师。他认为,颅骨上的凸起可以揭露性格。颅相学家假设大脑的不同部分控制不同的性格特征。就像肌肉一样,多次使用的那部分大脑会变得比其余的更大。接着,这些膨胀的区域对颅骨施加压力,造成凸起。神经病学的先进研究已证实这是不可能的,此后颅相学开始衰落。虽然大脑的某些区域的确有特殊的功能,但他们与具体的性格特征没有直接联系。
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