啦啦队的罪孽: 异性的诱惑使男人变得更加暴力_BEC初级作文

啦啦队的罪孽: 异性的诱惑使男人变得更加暴力

关于男性在有女性在场时爱显摆这件事，还有更阴暗的一面。2017年弗罗里达州立大学(Florida State University)莎拉·安斯沃思(Sarah Ainsworth)和约恩·马内尔(Jon Maner)的一篇论文发现，诱导男性的“交配目的”使他们更有可能在竞技中用大吼大叫的方式惩罚对手。这种效应在具有“不受约束的社交性性取向”(unrestricted sociosexual orientation)——即习惯于乱搞一夜情、总是在寻猎目标——的男性身上表现得最为强烈。另一篇论文则发现，当有女性在场时，男性更有可能支持在战争问题上采取进攻性立场（对于更为平淡的关税问题却没有立场变化）。

The authors of these studies have generally interpreted their findings to mean that thoughts of women subliminally prompt men to advertise their prowess and attractiveness -- displaying their tail feathers, so to speak, to attract a mate. History certainly has no shortage of men who were rewarded reproductively for their aggressiveness.

上述论文的作者总体上将他们的发现解释为：想着女人会在潜意识中鼓动男性表现他们的勇气和帅气——可以说就是通过展示尾巴上的饰毛来吸引伴侣。历史上当然不乏因为进攻性而在生殖问题上获得回报的男人。

But now comes research carried out by Mark van Vugt and Wendy Iredale and reported last year in the British Journal of Psychology. In the presence of women (but not other men), men became more generous in an economic game: They made more contributions to public goods and volunteered more time for charitable causes. In fact, the size of their charitable contributions increased in the presence of women they rated as more attractive. As usual, the presence of men had no such effects on women. As summarized in the title of the paper, this seems a case of 'Men Behaving Nicely: Public Goods as Peacock Tails.'