你以为搬离贫民区就能脱贫吗_BEC初级作文

你以为搬离贫民区就能脱贫吗

该计划名为“搬向机遇”（Moving to Opportunity，简称MTO），始于比尔·克林顿(Bill Clinton)的第一个总统任期。当时，联邦住房与城市发展部从巴尔的摩、波士顿、芝加哥、洛杉矶和纽约随机选择了一大批有小孩的低收入家庭。其中98%的家庭由女性支撑；63%为黑人、32%为西语裔、3%为白人；26%有工作、76%领救济，以2009年价格折算的家庭平均收入为1万2709美元（当时约合8.7万元人民币）。

These families, 4604 of them, to be exact, were then divided into three groups. An experimental group of 1,819 families was offered “Section 8 rental assistance certificates or vouchers that they could use only in census tracts with 1990 poverty rates below 10 percent”; 855 accepted the offer and became part of the study. A second group of 1,346 families was offered more traditional “Section 8” rent subsidy vouchers that could be used in any neighborhood; 848 accepted.

参与项目的共有4604户家庭，分为三组。一个实验组有1819户，政府向他们提供了“《住房法案》第8节规定的租赁补助券或代金券，但只能在1990年贫困率低于10%的人口普查区内使用”；855户接受了提议，参与到这项研究中。第二组有1346户，政府向他们提供的是更为传统的租赁劵，可以用在任何社区；848户对此予以接受。

A control group composed of 1,439 families stayed in public housing and became part of the study. The purpose of the relocation initiative, according to Department of Housing and Urban Development, was to test the “long-term effects of access to low-poverty neighborhoods on the housing, employment and educational achievements of the assisted households.” Researchers also studied how relocation affected the health of those who accepted vouchers.