The figure below shows the percentage of usage of the top insults in the sample applied to liberals and conservatives, respectively:
以下数据显示了分别在自由主义和保守主义中最常用的诋毁词汇的使用比例。
The range of negative terms applied mainly to liberals was broader, with insults aimed at conservatives being relatively concentrated. Hack, shill, and hypocrite suggest an impugning of liberals’ motivations, while hippie and elitist echo well-known stereotypes about those with liberal political leanings. The prominence of lemming, loser, and loon among insults for left-wing liberals points to a conservative affinity for alliteration, but the other L-word on the list, lunatic, is more often applied to conservatives. The list of negative words most often applied to conservatives was dominated by terms emphasizing ideological extremism: fanatic, extremist, ideologue, and zealot. The presence of obstructionist on the list reflects Democratic criticism of tactics used by Republican politicians in Congress, whereas the prominence of misogynist is likely related to Democratic efforts to portray Republicans as being engaged in a so-called “War on Women”. A case can be made that our language of partisan insults is as polarized as every other aspect of American political life. But there may be a ray of hope: partisans on both sides of the aisle accuse each other of being racists and bigots, demonstrating a consensus that intolerance and discrimination are universally reprehensible. And while there may not be much common ground between Democrats and Republicans, at least we can all agree on calling each other “idiots”.
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