在接受《华尔街日报》采访时,美国缅因州科尔比学院的心理学家克里斯托弗•索托说:此处,研究人员所说的“性格”是指“(一个人)不会随时间与具体情况而轻易改变的思维方式、感觉以及行为的特点。”而性格中与生俱来的部分与后天习得的部分各占50%。
Psychologists usually use the Big Five personality model. According to this model, the human personality can be divided into five broad categories or domains — openness, conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism and extroversion.
心理学家常使用“五大类”人格模型,将人类的性格分为五大类:开放型、勤奋型、宜人型、神经质和型外向型。
Some personality types are more successful than others. Soto says people who are more conscientious tend to do better in the workplace and school. People who score high on agreeableness and low on neuroticism tend to have more satisfying and stable relationships. Extroverts do better in social and entrepreneurial occupations.
其中一些性格类型的人要比其他类型的人更容易成功。索托说,更勤奋的人在工作与学习中表现更好。宜人性高而神经质低的人更容易建立令人满意且稳定的人际关系。外向型的人则在社交与创业中表现突出。
Time is key
时间是关键
According to Soto, even small changes in a person’s personality can produce important effects on relationships, career, health and happiness. But change takes time.
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