DNA analysis suggests that Herdwick sheep really did come by boat with the Vikings a thousand or more years ago. Their closest relatives live far to the north.

DNA分析表明，赫德威克绵羊确实是一千多年前由维京人船运带来的。与它们血缘关系最近的物种都生活在遥远的北方。

Because flocks graze the fells together a system of lug (ear) and smit (body) marks has evolved to identify the sheep, and these are captured in the Lake District Shepherd's Guide which has been published for more than 200 years. Similar systems exist for reindeer herders in Norway and Sweden.

因为不同的羊群会一起在高地上吃草，所以牧羊人有一套耳朵和身体的标识系统来区分不同的羊群，这种方法被记录在了200多年前出版的《湖区牧羊指南》里。挪威和瑞典的驯鹿牧人也用着类似的系统。

The average income of a Lake District fell farmer is £8,500, according to figures from Newcastle University. Lambs are sold for a quarter of their real price in 1970.

根据纽卡斯尔大学的数据，湖区高地农场主的平均收入是8500英镑。在1970年，羊的售价仅是它真正价值的四分之一。

It is a tough way to make a living.

他们的生活十分艰难。

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